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Showing posts from March, 2020

Bacteriophages: Our friendly neighbourhood

Bacteriophages are the virus. These are non-cellular organisms. Thus they are not considered as living. They seem to be mechanical as someone made them. They are motile. Consists of a crystalline head, collar, sheath and tail fibres. They contain RNA as genetic material.    They found everywhere from eyes to eyelids. They found much more than any organism. They are the deadliest being on the planet. They daily kill 40% of bacteria in the oceans. They are much smaller than our cells and bacterias. They are known as bacteriophages because of they phages bacteria. Each bacteriophage terminates specific bacteria. When bacteriophage finds it's victim, then it injects its genetic material inside the bacteria. This produces many new phages inside the bacteria body, which releases an enzyme called endolysin. This enzyme punches the hole and causes bacteria to burst. With the burst, those bacteriophages come out in the environment. Fortunately, bacteriophages can't harm us even

CARBON AND ITS ALLOTROPES

  When it comes to carbon, most people will think of coal. But few will remember what they studied in 10th standard, about the allotropes of carbon, namely Graphite, Diamond and Fullerenes. Let us discuss that in brief.  GRAPHITE: - Graphite structure  It is the form of carbon in which atoms are arranged hexagonally, layer by layer. It is the most stable form of carbon. Therefore, its formation enthalpy is taken as zero. It conducts electricity as the electrons can move freely.  Lead of pencil is made up of graphite It is very soft and slippery. Oils cannot be used at high temperature. Therefore, it is used as a lubricant for machines at very high temperature. It is also used as fibres in plastic for great strength. Every layer of graphite has a gap of 340 picometers from each other. Each carbon has sp2 hybridisation.   DIAMOND: -  Structure of Diamond It is the form of carbon with a crystal structure. It is the hardest substance on earth. The hardness

CORONA VIRUS: COVID19- prevention and symptoms

Corona virus is a virus which causes a disease called COVID19 ( Coronavirus Disease 2019). This virus first found at Wuhan (China) and spread rapidly. Thousands of people died in a few days. This virus attacks the elderly and children are more likely. People with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and cancer are prone to serious illness.  COVID19 primarily spreads through droplets of saliva and discharging of the nose when someone sneezes or coughs. Therefore it is essential to cover the mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing. There are no specific vaccines for the treatment.   Prevention- Cover your face with masks while going out. Try to avoid direct contacting (handshakes and hugs) Wash your face and hands with soap in regular interval of time and when you enter the house. Use alcohol-based sanitizers. Prefer only homemade food and take a healthy diet. Avoid touching your face. Avoid unnecessary travel. Maintain 1m distance from the un

The Superstitious Society

Superstition is affecting our society somewhere about which we all are unaware. We all have seems to be a modern outlook. But it is still hidden from all of us such as holding breath or urge to urinate for winning of our favourite team. Superstitions sometimes prove to be violent for the society. If peep into history, we come to know that it gives rise to racism like untouchability that caused many massacres and responsible for the number of mow downs. 'Sati pratha' was also a deadly, male dominant and unfair custom in India. God knows how many cleanhanded women died due to that inhuman custom. These reveal the mentality of the people and these kinds of people acts as an obstacle in the development of the civilisation. Education is the best way to make people aware and bring them out in reality. Many decades ago people were believed that sun revolves around the earth and now the actuality is vice versa. Every coin has two faces as it is some superstitions are proved to be

CASE STUDY: Dr Vivek Bindra

He was born in Lucknow on 5 April 1978. He lost his father in his early childhood. Due to some circumstances, he couldn't live with his mother. He spent his childhood with his uncle (chacha) and grandparents. He was very interested in sports and involved in it along with his education, he can easily relate it with his life. Sports gave him the power to bounce back that gave him the outlet to tackle depressing situations. During his schooling, he was good in some subjects and okay in some. He always got the highest marks in business studies, he had a natural flair about it. When he was of 16 he started home tuitions with a batch of teachers to earn some money because he had a lack of currency to support his study. He got admission in a university of business studied in London but he couldn't go there as he was financially weak. During his college time, he used to sell dictionaries on roads in the evening. After completing his graduation from Amity university he became a

ROOT

CHARACTERISTICS —Located underground —Shows positive geotropism —Shows negative phototropism—Non-green, usually brown — Branched or unbranched—Do not have buds —Do not have nodes and internodes FUNCTIONS •Absorption of water and minerals •Anchorage (support from the base) TYPES TYPE 1.-TAPROOT When radicle germinated to form primary roots that are branched further into secondary and tertiary roots. E.g.- Dicot plants   TYPE 2.-FIBROUS ROOT When radicle germinated to form much fiber like roots. E.g.- Monocot plants TYPE 3.-ADVENTITIOUS ROOT These roots arise from other parts of the plant rather than radicle. E.g.- prop roots in the Banyan tree  MODIFICATIONS 1.Storage root: They have reserve food  Conical- e.g.- carrot                               Fusiform-e.g.- radish                                    Napiform-  e.g.- turnip, beat root           Irregular-e.g.- sweet potato         

WHY WE DREAMS DURING SLEEP?

Everyone dreams while sleeping. duration of these dreams is usually a few minutes and comes in between 12 am to 4 am. Sometimes dreams are familiar and sometimes astonishing, they can be a fantasy also. Normally characters are known persons. Do you ever think about why those people come in your dream? The person you have recently met usually comes in your dream and those also you haven't met from a long time this is because those people are missing you. Dreams are also caused by replaying of memories by the mind which is a natural process and these types of dreams are usually fantasies. But the actual reasons for dreams is to give experience. It helps you to tackle odd situations, which may be deadly. And coincidently some occurs in your life is the plus point of dreams. We should pen down our dreams just after we wake up every dream contains some hidden messages which may be vital. Thus every dream has a reason and we should not ignore then as a regular event.

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